Carbon Steel Pipes & Tubes

Carbon steel, also called plain-carbon steel, is steel where the main alloying constituent is carbon. The American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) defines carbon steel as: "Steel is considered to be carbon steel when no minimum content is specified or required for chromium, cobalt, columbium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, tungsten, vanadium or zirconium, or any other element to be added to obtain a desired alloying effect; when the specified minimum for copper does not exceed 0.40 percent; or when the maximum content specified for any of the following elements does not exceed the percentages noted: manganese 1.65, silicon 0.60, copper 0.60."

The term "carbon steel" may also be used in reference to steel which is not stainless steel; in this use carbon steel may include alloy steels.

As the carbon content rises, steel has the ability to become harder and stronger through heat treating, but this also makes it less ductile. Regardless of the heat treatment, higher carbon content reduces weldability. In carbon steels, the higher carbon content lowers the melting point.

Applications

Carbon Steel is used in the most critical engineering applications and also in certain applications in the automotive sector. In addition, some of the value-added Carbon Steel products include steel for LPG cylinders, API grade, corrosion resistant steel, critical structural application steel, boiler quality, auto grades, precision tubes and medium/high carbon grades, among others.

Carbon Steel Pipes and Tubes Products

A53 A106 API5L Grade B/C X42 Seamless Pipe

Size Range : 1/8" - 26"
Schedules :20, 30, 40, Standard (STD), Extra Heavy (XH), 80, 100, 120, 140, 160, XXH
Grades : ASTM A53 Gr B, ASME SA53 Gr B, API-5L Gr B, ASTM A106 Gr B, ASME SA106 Gr B, ASTM A106 Gr C, PSL 1 and PSL2

API5L X-42 X-52 X-60 Seamless Pipe

Size Range : 2" - 24"
Schedules : Standard (STD), Extra Heavy (XH), 100, 120, 160, XXH
Grades : PSL1 and PSL2

A333 (Low Temp) Grade 1/6 Carbon Steel Seamless Pipe

Size Range : 1/2" - 24"
Schedules :Standard (STD), Extra Heavy (XH), 100, 120, 160, XXH

A53 API5L Grade B X-42 X-52 X-60 ERW (Electric Resistance Welded) Pipe

Size Ranges :2" - 24"
Schedules : 10, 20, Standard (STD), Extra Heavy (XH)
Non-Schedules : .120wall, .156wall, .188wall, .203 wall, .219wall etc.
Grades : API-5L Gr B, API-5L Gr X42, API-5L Gr X52, API-5L Gr X60, API-5L Gr X65PSL1 and PSL2

API5L Grade B X-42 X-52 X-60 DSAW/SAW

Size Ranges :26" - 60"
Schedules : 20, Std, XH, 30,
Grades : API-5L Gr B, API-5L Gr X42, API-5L Gr X52, API-5L Gr X60, API-5L Gr X65PSL1 and PSL2
Sizes (Seamless): 1/2" NB - 60" NB
Sizes (ERW): 1/2" NB - 24" NB
Sizes (SAW): 16" NB - 100" NB
Wall Thickness available:
Schedule 20 - Schedule XXS (heavier on request) up to 250 mm thk

Material Grades

High Temperature Seamless Pipe	ASTM A106 Gr. B/C, API 5L Gr. B, ASTM A53 Gr. B
Heat Exchanger Seamless Tube	ASTM A179
Low Temperature Seamless Pipe	ASTM A333 Gr. 3/6
Low Temperature Seamless Tube	ASTM A334 Gr. 6
High Yield Seamless Pipe	API 5L Gr. X42/X46/X52/X56/X60/X65/X70/X80 PSL-1/PSL-2
High Yield Seamless Pipe	ISO 3183 Gr.L245, L290, L320, L360, L390, L415, L450, L485
Atmospheric & Low Temp EFW Pipes	ASTM A671 Gr. CC60/CC65/CC70
High Pressure & Moderate Temp EFW Pipes	ASTM A672 Gr. B60/B65/B70/C55/C60/C65/C70
High Yield ERW/SAW Pipe	API 5L Gr. X42/X46/X52/X56/X60/X65/X70/X80 PSL-1/PSL-2
High Yield ERW/SAW Pipe	ISO 3183 Gr.L245, L290, L320, L360, L390, L415, L450, L485

Additional Testing :

NACE MR0175, NACE TM0177, NACE TM0284, HIC TEST, SSC TEST, H2 SERVICE, IBR, etc.

Dimensions :

All Pipe is manufactured and inspected/tested to the relevant standards including ASTM, ASME, API

A106 GR. B Carbon Steel Seamless Pipes

ASTM A106 Seamless Pressure Pipe (also known as ASME SA106 pipe) is commonly used in the construction of oil and gas refineries, power plants, petrochemical plants, boilers, and ships where the piping must transport fluids and gasses that exhibit higher temperatures and pressure levels.

This specification covers seamless carbon steel pipe for high-temperature service

Sizes (Seamless): 1/2" NB - 60" NB

Sizes (ERW): 1/2" NB - 24" NB

Sizes (SAW): 16" NB - 100" NB

Wall Thickness available:
Schedule 20 - Schedule XXS (heavier on request) up to 250 mm thk.

Material Grades

High Temperature Seamless Pipe	ASTM A106 Gr. B/C, API 5L Gr. B, ASTM A53 Gr. B
Heat Exchanger Seamless Tube	ASTM A179
Low Temperature Seamless Pipe	ASTM A333 Gr. 3/6
Low Temperature Seamless Tube	ASTM A334 Gr. 6
High Yield Seamless Pipe	API 5L Gr. X42/X46/X52/X56/X60/X65/X70/X80 PSL-1/PSL-2
High Yield Seamless Pipe	ISO 3183 Gr.L245, L290, L320, L360, L390, L415, L450, L485
Atmospheric & Low Temp EFW Pipes	ASTM A671 Gr. CC60/CC65/CC70
High Pressure & Moderate Temp EFW Pipes	ASTM A672 Gr. B60/B65/B70/C55/C60/C65/C70
High Yield ERW/SAW Pipe	API 5L Gr. X42/X46/X52/X56/X60/X65/X70/X80 PSL-1/PSL-2
High Yield ERW/SAW Pipe	ISO 3183 Gr.L245, L290, L320, L360, L390, L415, L450, L485

Additional Testing :

   NACE MR0175, NACE TM0177, NACE TM0284, HIC TEST, SSC TEST, H2 SERVICE, IBR, etc.

Dimensions :

    All Pipe is manufactured and inspected/tested to the relevant standards including ASTM, ASME, API.

   Chemical Composition ASTM A106 Carbon Steel Pipes Grades

	Grade A	Grade B	Grade C	Total of Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, and V shall not exceed 1%
Carbon max. %	0.25	0.30	0.35
Manganese %	0.27 to 0.93	0.29 to 1.06	0.29 to 1.06
Phosphorous, max. %	0.035	0.035	0.035
Sulfur, max. %	0.035	0.035	0.035
Silicon, min.%	0.10	0.10	0.10
Chrome, max. %	0.40	0.40	0.40
Copper, max. %	0.40	0.40	0.40
Molybdenum, max. %	0.15	0.15	0.15
Nickel, max. %	0.40	0.40	0.40
Vanadium, min.%	0.08	0.08	0.08

Permissible Variations in Wall Thickness

The minimum wall thickness at any point shall not be more than 12.5% under the nominal wall thickness specified.

Permissible Variations in Weights per Foot Weight of any length shall not vary more than 10% over and 3.5% under that specified. NOTE -- NPS 4 and smaller -- weighed in lots. Larger sizes shall be weighed separately by length. Permissible Variations in Outside Diameter
Outside Diameter at any point shall not vary from standard specified more than:

NPS [DN Designator]	Over		Under
NPS [DN Designator]	in.	mm	in.	mm
1/8 to 1-1/2 [6 to 40], incl	1/64 (0.015)	0.4	1/64 (0.015)	0.4
Over 1-1/2 to 4 [40 to 100], incl	1/32 (0.031)	0.8	1/32 (0.031)	0.8
Over 4 to 8 [100 to 200], incl	1/16 (0.062)	1.6	1/32 (0.031)	0.8
Over 8 to 18 [200 to 450], incl	3/32 (0.093)	2.4	1/32 (0.031)	0.8
Over 18 to 26 [450 to 650], incl	1/8 (0.125)	3.2	1/32 (0.031)	0.8
Over 26 to 34 [650 to 859], incl	5/32 (0.156)	4.0	1/32 (0.031)	0.8
Over 34 to 48 [850 to 1200], incl	3/16 (0.187)	4.8	1/32 (0.031)	0.8

Tensile Requirements

	Seamless
	Grade A	Grade B	Grade C
Tensile Strength, min., psi	48,000	60,000	00
Yield Strength, min., psi	30,000	35,000	40,000

Number of Tests Required

	NPS	On One Length from Each Lot of
Tensile	5 and smaller	400 or less
Tensile	6 and larger	200 or less
Bending	2 and smaller	400 or less
Flattening	2 through 5	400 or less
Flattening	6 and over	200 or less

Hydrostatic Testing

Inspection test pressures produce a stress in the pipe wall equal to 60% of specified minimum yield strength (SMYS) at room temperature. Maximum Pressures are not to exceed 2500 psi for NPS3 and under 2800 psi for the larger sizes. Pressure is maintained for not less than 5 seconds.

Mechanical Tests Specified

Tensile Test -- NPS 8 and larger -- either transverse or longitudinal acceptable
Smaller than NPS 8 -- weighed in lots. Larger sizes -- by length.
Flattening Test -- NPS 2-1/2 and larger.

Bending Test (Cold) -- NPS 2 and under.

	Degree of Bend	Diameter of Mandrel
For Normal A106 Uses	90	12 x nom dia. of pipe
For Close Coiling	180	8 x nom dia. of pipe

A53 GR. B Carbon Steel Seamless Pipes

ASTM A53 pipe (also referred to as ASME SA53 pipe) is intended for mechanical and pressure applications and is also acceptable for ordinary uses in steam, water, gas, and air lines. It is suitable for welding, and suitable for forming operations involving coiling, bending, and flanging, subject to certain qualifications.

This specification covers seamless carbon steel pipe for high-temperature service

Sizes (Seamless): 1/2" NB - 60" NB

Sizes (ERW): 1/2" NB - 24" NB

Sizes (SAW): 16" NB - 100" NB

Wall Thickness available:
Schedule 20 - Schedule XXS (heavier on request) up to 250 mm thickness.

Carbon Steel Pipe is available in:

ASTM A53 GR. B
A106 GR. B
API 5L GRADE B
API 5L GR. X42/46/52/56/60/65/70
A333 GR. 3/ GR. 6 etc

Find Out Prosaic Steel API Seamless Pipe Range Like API 5L GR.B PIPE, API 5L X52, X56, X60, X65 SEAMLESS PIPE

Material Grades :

High Temperature Seamless Pipe	ASTM A106 Gr. B/C, API 5L Gr. B, ASTM A53 Gr. B
Heat Exchanger Seamless Tube	ASTM A179
Low Temperature Seamless Pipe	ASTM A333 Gr. 3/6
Low Temperature Seamless Tube	ASTM A334 Gr. 6
High Yield Seamless Pipe	API 5L Gr. X42/X46/X52/X56/X60/X65/X70/X80 PSL-1/PSL-2
High Yield Seamless Pipe	ISO 3183 Gr.L245, L290, L320, L360, L390, L415, L450, L485
Atmospheric & Low Temp EFW Pipes	ASTM A671 Gr. CC60/CC65/CC70
High Pressure & Moderate Temp EFW Pipes	ASTM A672 Gr. B60/B65/B70/C55/C60/C65/C70
High Yield ERW/SAW Pipe	API 5L Gr. X42/X46/X52/X56/X60/X65/X70/X80 PSL-1/PSL-2
High Yield ERW/SAW Pipe	ISO 3183 Gr.L245, L290, L320, L360, L390, L415, L450, L485

Additional Testing:
NACE MR0175, NACE TM0177, NACE TM0284, HIC TEST, SSC TEST, H2 SERVICE, IBR, etc.

Dimensions:
All Pipes is manufactured and inspected/tested to the relevant standards including ASTM, ASME, API

Chemical Requirements

	Type S (seamless)		Type E (electric- resistance welded)		Type F (furnace- welded pipe)
	Grade A	Grade B	Grade A	Grade B	Grade A
Carbon max. %	0.25	0.30	0.25	0.30	0.3
Manganese %	0.95	1.2	0.95	1.2	1.2
Phosphorous, max. %	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05
Sulfur, max. %	0.045	0.045	0.045	0.045	0.045
Copper, max.%	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.4
Nickel, max. %	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.4
Chromium, max. %	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.4
Molybdenum, max. %	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15	0.15
Vanadium, max. %	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.08

Permissible Variations in Wall Thickness

The minimum wall thickness at any point shall not be more than 12.5% under the nominal wall thickness specified.

Permissible Variations in
Weights per Foot
Plus or minus 10%

Permissible Variations in
Outside Diameter

Outside Diameter at any point shall not vary from standard specified more than:

For NPS 1 1/2 and Smaller Sizes		For NPS 2 and Larger Sizes
1/64"	1/32" under	1% over	1%under

Number of Tests Required

Seamless and Electric-Resistance-Welded -- Bending, flattening, tensile on one length of pipe from each lot of 500 lengths or less of a size.
Continuous-Weld -- Bending, flattening, tensile

NPS 1 1/2 & smaller	NPS 2 & larger
one / 25 tons	one / 50 tons

Hydrostatic Testing

Hydrostatic inspection test pressures for plain end and threaded and coupled pipe are specified. Hydrostatic pressure shall be maintained for not less than 5 seconds for all sizes of seamless and electric-resistance-weld pipe.

Mechanical Tests Specified

Tensile Test -- Transverse required on ERW for NPS 8 and large.
Sending Test (Cold) -- STD and XS-NPS 2 and under XXS-NPS 1 1/4 and under.

	Degree of Bend	Diameter of Mandrel
For Normal A53 Uses	90	12 x nom dia. of pipe
For Close Coiling	180	8 x nom dia. of pipe

API 5LGR. B Carbon Steel Seamless Pipes

This specification covers seamless and welded steel line pipe. It includes standard-weight and extra-strong threaded line pipe. It includes standard-weight and extra-strong threaded line pipe; and standard-weight plain-end, regular-weight plain-end, special plain-end, extra-strong plain-end, special plain-end, extra-strong plain-end pipe; as as well as bell and spigot and through-the-flow line(TFL) pipe.

The purpose of this specification is to provide standards for pipe suitable for use in conveying gas, water, and oil in both the oil and natural gas industries.

Sizes (Seamless): 1/2" NB - 60" NB

Sizes (ERW): 1/2" NB - 24" NB

Sizes (SAW): 16" NB - 100" NB

Wall Thickness available:
Schedule 20 - Schedule XXS (heavier on request) up to 250 mm thk.

Material Grades:

High Temperature Seamless Pipe	ASTM A106 Gr. B/C, API 5L Gr. B, ASTM A53 Gr. B
Heat Exchanger Seamless Tube	ASTM A179
Low Temperature Seamless Pipe	ASTM A333 Gr. 3/6
Low Temperature Seamless Tube	ASTM A334 Gr. 6
High Yield Seamless Pipe	API 5L Gr. X42/X46/X52/X56/X60/X65/X70/X80 PSL-1/PSL-2
High Yield Seamless Pipe	ISO 3183 Gr.L245, L290, L320, L360, L390, L415, L450, L485
Atmospheric & Low Temp EFW Pipes	ASTM A671 Gr. CC60/CC65/CC70
High Pressure & Moderate Temp EFW Pipes	ASTM A672 Gr. B60/B65/B70/C55/C60/C65/C70
High Yield ERW/SAW Pipe	API 5L Gr. X42/X46/X52/X56/X60/X65/X70/X80 PSL-1/PSL-2
High Yield ERW/SAW Pipe	ISO 3183 Gr.L245, L290, L320, L360, L390, L415, L450, L485

Additional Testing :

NACE MR0175, NACE TM0177, NACE TM0284, HIC TEST, SSC TEST, H2 SERVICE, IBR, etc.

Dimensions :

All Pipe is manufactured and inspected/tested to the relevant standards including ASTM, ASME, API.

Chemical Composition

The composition of pipe furnished to this specification, as determined by heat analysis for pipe other than Grade X 80, shall conform to the chemical requirements specified in Table 2, except that by agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer carbon contents higher than those specified may be used. the composition of intermediate grades(higher than X42)shall conform to chenical requirements agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser, and such requirements shall be consistent with the requirements specified in Table 2 for the applicable type of pipe For Grades X42 and higher, by agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer, element other than columbium, vanadium, and titanium may be used; however, caution should be exercised in determining the quantity that may be present for any particular size and thickness of pipe because the addition of such otherwise desirable elements may alter the weldability of the pipe.

API 5L Line Pipe Physical Properties .

Line pipe grade designations come from API Spec 5L Specification for Line Pipe. Standard Line Pipe has grade designation A and B. Stronger grades have the designation X followed by the specified minimum yield strength of the pipe steel, measured in kilopounds per square inch (abbreviated ksi), e.g. X60 for pipe having a minimum yield strength of 60 ksi. See the table below for the standard available grades.

Line Pipe Physical Properties

API 5L Grade	Yield Strength min. (ksi)	Tensile Strength min. (ksi)	Yield to Tensile Ratio (max.)	Elongation min. %1
A	30	48	0.93	28
B	35	60	0.93	23
X42	42	60	0.93	23
X46	46	63	0.93	22
X52	52	66	0.93	21
X56	56	71	0.93	19
X60	60	75	0.93	19
X65	65	77	0.93	18
X70	70	82	0.93	17
X80	80	90	0.93	16

1 -API 5L elongation figures vary with specimen dimensions. Values shown for 0.2 sq. in. specimen.

Line pipe mechanical testing usually omits Reduction of Area (RA) measurement reporting, and Charpy V-Notch (CVN) testing. This prevents use of this pipe as body material above 36 ksi yield strength for API Spec 6A equipment without retesting for Reduction of Area, and in the case of low temperature service, Charpy V-Notch testing as well.

A333 GR. 3/6 Carbon Steel Seamless Pipes

This specification covers nominal (average) wall seamless and welded carbon and alloy steel pipe intended for use at low temperatures. Several grades of steel are included as listed in Table 1. Some product sizes may not be available under this specification because heavier wall thicknesses have an adverse affect in low-temperature impact properties.
Supplementary Requirement S1 of an optional nature is provided. This shall apply only when specified by the purchaser.

The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the "M" designation of this specification is specified in the order.

This specification covers nominal (average) wall seamless and welded carbon and alloy steel pipe intended for use at low temperatures. Several grades of ferritic steel are included. Some product sizes may not be available under this specification because heavier wall thicknesses have an adverse affect on low-temperature impact properties.

Chemical Requirements

		Composition, %
Element	Grade 1	Grade 3	Grade 6
Carbon, max	0.30	0.19	0.30
Manganese	0.40 - 1.06	0.31 - 0.64	0.29 - 1.06
Phosphorous, max	0.025	0.025	0.025
Sulfur, max	0.025	0.025	0.025
Silicon		0.18 -0.37	0.10 min
Nickel		3.18 - 3.82

For each reduction of 0.01% carbon below 0.30%, an increase of 0.05% manganese above 1.06% would be permitted to a maximum of 1.35% manganese.

When Grade 6 is ordered under this specification, supplying an alloy grade that specifically requires the addition of any element other than those listed for the ordered grade is not permitted. However, the addition of elements required for the deoxidation of the steel is permitted.

Tensile Requirements
he material shall conform to the requirements as proscribed:

Wall Thickness		Grade 1		Grade 3		Grade 6
in.	mm	Longitudinal	Transverse	Longitudinal	Transverse	Longitudinal	Transverse
5/16 (0.312)	8	35	25	30	20	30	16
9/32 (.281)	7.2	33	24	28	19	28	15
1/4 (.250)	6.4	32	23	27	18	27	15
7/32 (.219)	5.6	30		26		26
3/16 (.188)	4.8	28		24		24
5/32 (.156)	4	26		22		22
1/8 (.125)	3.2	25		21		21
3/32 (.094)	2.4	23		20		20
1/16 (.063)	1.6	21		18		18

Impact Requirements
For Grades 1, 3 and 6, the notched-bar impact properties of each set of three impact specimens, including specimens
for the welded joint in welded pipe with wall thicknesses of 0.120 in. [3 mm] and larger, shall not be less than the values prescribed:

Size of Specimen, min	Minimum Average Notched Bar Impact Value of Each Set of Three Specimens		Minimum Notched Bar Impact Value of One Specimen Only of a Set		Impact Temperature
	ft-lbf	J	ft-lbf	J	Grade	Min Impact Test Temp
10 by 10	13	18	10	14		F	C
10 by 7.5	10	14	8	11	1	-50	-45
10 by 6.67	9	12	7	9	3	-150	-100
10 by 5	7	9	5	7	6	-50	-45
10 by 3.33	5	7	3	4
10 by 2.5	4	5	3	4

Mechanical Testing
Transverse or Longitudinal Tension Test and Flattening Test, Hardness Test, or Bend Test
For material heat treated in a batch-type furnace, tests shall be made on 5% of the pipe from each treated lot. For small lots, at least one pipe shall be tested.

For material heat treated by the continuous process, tests shall be made on a sufficient number of pipes to constitute 5% of the lot, but in no case less than 2 pipe.

Hydrostatic Test
Impact Test - One notched bar impact test, consisting of breaking three specimens shall be made from each heat represented in a heat-treatment load on specimens taken from the finished pipe.